In general, an electrical nano-biosensor consists of an immobilized static biological system based on their own built-in immobilized static biological system) PhD in Nano-Microelectronics

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)



 

Note: In general, a biosensor consists of an immobilized static biological system such as a cell batch,  mycenzyme, or an antibody and a measuring device. In the presence of a certain molecule, the biological system  changes the properties of the environment. 

The development of biosensors to measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the blood began. This sensor is also called COBD  by covering the surface of the electrode with an enzyme whose  constituent is sometimes called (electro-calorie). Later, it  helped oxidize glucose. This sensor was used to measure blood sugar. In  the same Bapvshandn electrode by an enzyme that has the ability to convert urea into ammonium carbonate in the  electrode material ++ ion, NH4 biosensors that could have made the urea in the blood or urine  measure. Each of these two early biosensors used a different transducer in their signal conversion section  In the first type, blood sugar was measured by measuring the electric current generated  (ammetric), while in the urea sensor, the urea concentration was measured based on The electric charge created DralktrvdھAy sensors are made (.Potentiometric)  may someday the patient without having to visit a doctor and only on the basis of information that  a COBD or Doctor-Board-on-Chip provides the type of disease has been detected And then  injected into the blood. This will drastically reduce the dosage of  the required  drugs directly from the side effects of the Effect-Side drug , because the  drug is very low and is also sent  to the required place in the body. That the drug acts directly on a biosensor converts the biological response into an electrical signal and  consists of two main components: the receptor and the detector. Ability to select one The biosensor is determined by the receiving section. Enzymes, antibodies, and lipid layers are  good examples of receptors. The task of the detector is to convert the physical or chemical changes by detecting the material to be analyzed into an obvious factor  that the detectors can select in the type of reaction of the  electrical signal. Do not have the perfect  



They are electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric and thermal. In the type of electrochemistry, the action takes place in one of the  following ways: amprometric, potentiometric, and impedance. The most common electrodes  used in potentiometer type 1 include: Electrode Glass electrode, Selective-Ion ion electrode,  FET sensitive-Ion ion field effect transistor or ISFET. In general, a biosensor consists of an immobilized static biological system, such as a cell  bundle, a microenzyme, or an antibody, and a measuring device. In the presence of a certain molecule, the biological system  changes the properties of the environment. A measuring device that is sensitive to these  changes produces a signal commensurate with the amount or type of changes. This signal can then  be converted into an intelligible signal for electronic devices.Many non-polar molecules are formed in living organs that do not respond to most existing measurement systems  Biosensors can receive this response. They work on the basis of the immobilized static biological system embedded in them,  so they have no side effects on other tissues. Continuous and very fast control of metabolic activities is possible by these sensors.



Conclusion : 

In general, a biosensor consists of an immobilized static biological system, such as a cell  bundle, a microenzyme, or an antibody, and a measuring device. In the presence of a certain molecule, the biological system  changes the properties of the environment. 

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

PhD in Nano-Microelectronics