Nano-scale energy-level disruption based on nanoelectronics (nano-micro-electronics engineering)
Author and Researcher: Engineer Afshin Rashid
نکته : این مطلب برای افزایش رتبه در مقالات علم نانو (به ویژه نانو الکترونیک به زبان انگلیسی ) انتشار یافته است.
Every material around us has a unique energy structure for electrons, and the energy structure of different materials is different. In an atom, electrons can only occupy certain atomic orbitals with discrete energy levels. If several atoms come together to form a molecule, because of the effect
The nuclei of each atom split over the electrons of all atoms and the principle of Pauli's exclusion, their atomic orbitals. When a large number of atoms collide to form a crystal, the number of orbitals increases tremendously and as a result their energy levels get closer together.
So that energy balances seem to be constant. In this case, instead of energy balance, bands or bands of electron energy are allowed . Between these bands was a forbidden gap where electrons similar to discrete levels in the atom could not fit into the gap. In macroscopic and ordinary materials consists of energy bands. In different atoms, the distance between the levels varies with each other, and in ordinary cases the bandwidth and thebandwidth (energy band) are .different
Many of the properties of a material depend on its energy structure and properties change as the energy structure changes, for example to make diodes typically impure atoms in ordinary semiconductor materials. The introduction of impure atoms into the structure changes the energy structure and decreases the energy gap, which results in changes in the electrical properties.
in (nano electronic) We want to fine-tune an ordinary material with specific dimensions to the nano dimension. When a material is broken down, its atoms actually shrink. The atom that is separated from the material, its energy balance, is also separated from the band structure . Below a certain size) that is much less than 011 nm (the number of atoms and energy levels decreases so much that the energy bands are converted back to energy levels, meaning the levels are separated and the bands are removed. Nano Dimensions In addition to greatly increasing the surface area by volume, the bands of the electron energy also break apart, but no other quantity such as the energy of an electron can have any value and must be as energy-efficient as possible.