The function of Nano Bio sensors in identifying biochemical molecules such as a specific DNA sequence or a specific protein (based on PhD in Nano-Microelectronics)
Researcher and author PhD student : Afshin Rashid
Note: Nanotechnology has a profound effect on the development of a new class of biosensors called nanosensors. Nanosensors typically contain a biological detection molecule that is immobilized on the signal transducer surface. The reaction between the biological molecule and the analyzer is a heterogeneous reaction and therefore the design of the biosensing interface is important in determining the performance of the nanosensor.
Nanosensors are widely used for molecular detection of biomarkers associated with disease diagnosis. The use of new nanomaterials in bioassays has influenced biosensing research. The use of high-level nanomaterials in the production of nanosensors with greater sensitivity and shorter response times is important . A biosensor is a device designed to identify or quantify a biochemical molecule, such as a specific DNA sequence or a specific protein. Many biosensors are propensity-based, meaning that they use a stationary recording probe that selectively connects the molecule to the target, ie the target or analyte, thus challenging the detection of a target in solution. Transmits changes at the local level to detect. This change can then be measured using a variety of methods, including biosensors that require light (e.g., surface plasmonic resonance or fluorescence), mechanical motion (e.g., quartz crystal microbalance or resonant concealer), or Used magnetic particles. From a range of user-friendly techniques, the electrical method of interrogation sensors is widely used in the design of unlabeled sensors, which do not require a label or tag to report the detection of a particular molecule. Electro-sensors rely solely on measuring current or voltage, and because of their low cost, low energy, and ease of downsizing, electric sensors hold great promise for applications where minimizing size and cost are very important. It is important.
Nano-dimensional biosensors may block many of the barriers that prevent widespread use in dependency biosensors. Dependent sensors use a combination of a cognitive molecule such as an antibody or DNA that is selectively attached to an analyte. It is possible to form a complex. A signal converter determines the response rate of the connection and transmits this information to the end user. There is a great deal of interest in such devices, as the vast majority of analytes are best diagnosed in the disease using an affinity reaction. In addition, the high specificity and affinity of antibodies for their target species potentially allow biosensors to be used for analysis at low analyte concentrations in complex samples.
There are two main drift designs in the design of Nano Mill biosensors. The first is to reduce the detection limit, and the second is the ability to detect a number of analytes in the same sample, known as multiplexing. Nanosensors are devices that measure a biochemical or biological event using any electronic, optical, or magnetic technology through a compact probe. And current advances in nanotechnology and advanced manufacturing technology in electronics are aimed at creating a new set of biosensors called nanosensors, and in a new era biotechnology has been used to diagnose disease.
Conclusion :
Nanotechnology has a profound impact on the development of a new class of biosensors called nanosensors. Nanosensors typically contain a biological detection molecule that is immobilized on the signal transducer surface. The reaction between the biological molecule and the analyzer is a heterogeneous reaction and therefore the design of the biosensing interface is important in determining the performance of the nanosensor.
Author: PhD student ( Afshin Rashid)
PhD student in nano-microelectronics at Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran