(electrical nanoparticles) Silver is the highest electrical conductivity of particles in nanoelectronics
Researcher and author: Dr. ( Afshin Rashid)
Note: Electric nanoparticles are of great interest due to their wide application, both in industry and in natural sciences. While natural materials have constant physical properties regardless of size
The size of an electrical nanoparticle determines its physical and chemical properties. Therefore, the properties of a material change as its size approaches the nanoscale and the percentage of atoms on the surface of the material becomes significant. The important feature of all nanostructures is that the number of surface atoms in them is more than the number of volume atoms. This ratio increases with decreasing nanoparticle size. Therefore, the size of the nanoparticle is considered its most important feature. The range of activity of nanoparticles depends on the nature and shape of the nanostructure. However , if the energy of the nanoparticle field is comparable to the energy of electromagnetic radiation and if significant changes are made in a certain wavelength range with the occurrence of chemical reactions in the irradiated materials, the activity of nanoparticles up to 100nm will be significant.The surface atoms of nanoparticles are not compensated in terms of energy. In general, the results of nanoparticle energy growth can be expressed as the total energy of atoms on the surface of the particle. The freedom of movement of atoms on the surface of nanostructures is limited and only vibrational movements and the movement of electrons are possible. These two electrokinetic reactions are dependent on each other because the displacement of the electron clouds of the atoms definitely changes the vibrational frequencies of the bonds of the atoms of the nanoparticles . On the other hand, changing the location of valence electrons in the bonds changes the polarity of the bond and the bodies known as supermolecules . In this case, electron transfer to a higher energy level becomes possible.
Silver has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, but because it is so expensive, it is not of much use for electrical purposes. Silver is not a chemically active metal; However, sulfuric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid react with it. Silver can be obtained from pure deposits as well as from silver ore. Silver does not oxidize in air. However, it reacts with hydrogen sulphide in the air and causes staining of this metal due to the formation of silver sulphide. Therefore, silver products need regular cleaning. Silver is stable in water. Pure silver is almost white, shiny, soft, malleable, it is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. Silver is so soft that it cannot be used pure, but must be combined with other metals.
Conclusion :
The use of particles from the microscale to the nanoscale provides advantages for various scientific fields, but because a large percentage of their atoms are on the surface, nanomaterials can be highly reactive and pose potential hazards to humans. to bring
Researcher and author: Dr. ( Afshin Rashid)
Specialized doctorate in nano-microelectronics