The basis of formation and construction (nano sensors) based on nano-microelectronics (Ph.D.)
Author and Researcher: Engineer Afshin Rashid
Note: In designing a nanosensor there are different sciences such as biochemistry, biology, electronics, different branches of chemistry and physics. The main part of a chemical or biological sensor is its sensor element. The sensor element is in contact with a detector. This element is responsible for identifying and linking to the desired species in a complex sample.
The detector then converts the chemical signals produced as a result of the sensor element's connection to the target species to a measurable output signal. Biosensors rely on biological components such as antibodies. Enzymes, receptors or whole cells can be used as a sensor element.
Types of Nano Sensors (Nano Sensors)
Nanosensors are classified into different types. One of these categories is based on the shape of the nanoparticles and their application as follows:
A. Nanostructured materials: Like porous silicon, nanosensors made of these materials are used to detect chemical and biological reactions.
B) Nanoparticles: such as nanoscale spherical materials that are used as bio-biological, optical-chemical receptors and spatial image sensors . Like nanosilicon particles used as biosensors. The nanosensors can also be divided into three groups of quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and nanoparticles based on their type of structure .
Modern application of nano sensors (nano biosensors) in improving food and agriculture industries
Using these sensors (nano biosensors) it is possible to detect very small amounts of chemical or virus and bacterial contamination in the agricultural and food systems. Research in nanomaterials is one of the most up-to-date scientific research in the world.
With the advent of nanoscience and nanotechnology, and the possibility of producing very small-scale electrodes, nanometer sensors were made possible. These sensors are called nanobiosensors because of their nanometer size and their use in biological environments, nanobiosensors. Biosensors are very small electrodes of nanometer size and cell size that are capable of detecting specific enzymes on their surface by detecting specific enzymes on their surface . They are used to detect and quantify species in biological systems, a technique that is very useful in detecting the passage of certain molecules through the cell wall or membrane.