The range from 1 to 1000 nm (nanometers) is introduced as the electrical range ( endohedral nanostructures).

_Part of endohedral nanostructures 

The range from 1 to 1000 nm (nanometers) is introduced  as the electrical range  ( endohedral nanostructures). 

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

Note: The range of 1 to 1000 nm is introduced as the range of nanostructures, the  important  feature ( endohedral nanostructures)  is the control of the processes of the organization itself. The range of nanostructure activity change depends on the nature and shape of the nanostructure.

However  , if the energy of the nanoparticle field is comparable to the energy of electromagnetic radiation, and if in a certain range of  wavelength, significant changes are made with the occurrence of chemical reactions in the materials under radiation, the activity of nanoparticles  in  ( endohedral nanostructures)  It will be impressive up to 100nm.

( endohedral nanostructures)   Nanostructure  The electronic properties of the two regions are "protected" by a special, so-called topological, different method. And therefore, a new very strong quantum state is created in the transition region. This localized electronic quantum state can now be used as a key feature to produce certain semiconductors, metals or insulators – and possibly even as a feature in nanoelectronics. The shapes and sizes of  ( endohedral nanostructures)  are naturally determined based on the composition and conditions of their formation. The characteristics  of nanostructures, in turn,  determine the originality of the characteristics of nanostructures and their possible fields of operation.

( endohedral nanostructures)  can be defined as materials that have at least one external dimension with a size of 1 to 100 nm. And  the particle size of at least half of the particles in the number size distribution must be 100 nm or less. ( endohedral nanostructures)  can occur naturally, be created as byproducts of combustion reactions, or be purposefully produced through engineering to perform a specific function.  These materials can have different physical and chemical properties from their original bulk samples. The versatility of  nanostructures  in terms of their ability  to model catalytic reactions in conductive nanoparticles  highlights their usefulness for specific needs.  An additional advantage is their high porosity, which increases the demand for their use in many nano-microelectronics industries. 

The use of  ( endohedral nanostructures)  is widespread in a wide range of industries and consumer products. In nanoscience, the structure of materials determines the relationship between atoms, ions and molecules that make up those materials. To understand the structure of materials, one must first understand the type of connections between atoms and ions .  Chemical bonds determine how atoms and ions are connected. Therefore, the difference between different types of connections can be seen in the characteristics of these links.  Of course, it is important to mention that the intensity of the electromagnetic field (specifically, the intensity of the electric field) decreases exponentially when moving away from the surface of the metal nanoparticle. In this nano volume created, the electromagnetic field is localized, compressed and improved. 

Conclusion : 

 The range from 1 to 1000 nm is introduced  as the range of  ( endohedral nanostructures) , the important feature of nanostructures is to control the processes of the organization itself. The range of nanostructure activity change depends on the nature and shape of the nanostructure.

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

Specialized doctorate in nano-microelectronics