Nanostructure is defined as any structure with one or more dimensions and is measured in the nanometer scale range (PhD in Nano-Microelectronics)

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)



Note: Nanostructures are defined as any structure with one or more dimensions and are measured in the nanometer scale range. Nanostructures are  materials or structures that have at least one dimension between 1 and 100  nanometers  .

The importance of the nanoscale in changing the properties and characteristics of materials in these dimensions. Properties such as  electrical conductivity, electromagnetic properties and so on. The beginning of changing the properties of a material by  shrinking it depends more than anything on the type of material and the desired property. For example, as the dimensions of a material shrink  , some of the nanomolecular electromagnetic properties of materials, such as the conductivity of nanoparticles in materials, generally improve. This increase in strength does not occur only in the  range of a few nanometers, and the strength of materials of several tens or even hundreds of nanometers may be much  greater than that of large-scale bulk material. On the other hand, changes in some properties such as conductivity in nanotransistors and electromagnetic properties in nanowires may  occur in dimensions of only a few nanometers.




The use of particles from micro-scale to nanoscale provides advantages for various scientific fields, but because a large percentage of their atoms are on the surface, nanomaterials can react greatly and pose potential risks to humans. To have with. Nanoparticles are highly regarded both in industry and in the natural sciences due to their widespread use. While natural materials have fixed physical properties regardless of size, the size of a nanoparticle determines its physical and chemical properties. Therefore, the properties of a substance change as its size approaches the nanoscale and the percentage of atoms on the surface of the material becomes significant.An important feature of all nanostructures is that the number of surface atoms in them is greater than the number of volume atoms. This ratio increases with decreasing nanoparticle size. Therefore, the size of the nanoparticle is an important feature. The range of change in nanoparticle activity depends on the nature and shape of the nanostructure. With  However, if the energy field of nano-particles with energy exposure to electro-magnetic analogy, and if within a certain  wavelength, the occurrence of chemical reactions in materials under irradiation dramatic changes the activity of nanoparticles  in the size of 100nm will be dramatic . The freedom of movement of atoms on the surface of nanostructures is  limited, and only vibrational movements and the movement of electrons are possible. These two electro-kinetic reactions to They are interdependent because the displacement of the electron clouds of atoms inevitably alters the vibrational frequencies of the nanoparticle atom bonds  On the other hand, the displacement of capacitance electrons in bonds changes the polarity of bonds and bodies called supermolecules  In this case, electron transfer to a higher energy level is possible.


Conclusion :

Nanostructure is defined as any structure with one or more dimensions and is measured in the nanometer scale range. Nanostructures are  materials or structures that have at least one dimension between 1 and 100  nanometers  .

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

PhD in Nano-Microelectronics