Components (Nano Laser) Nano Laser based on PhD Nano _ Microelectronics

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)



Note: The nano-laser consists of three main parts, which are: the active medium, the external or blown energy source, and the optical chamber or resonator.

The laser operation is performed in several stages. The energy source or pump emits  energy to the active medium in the form of light. The active environment  absorbs this light. With this absorption, some  electrons in the active medium are excited and go to a higher energy level. An electron that tends to return releases energy,   releases energy, or continues to receive repeated glare  from the energy source. "Population inversion" occurs when the number of excited atoms in the active medium  exceeds the number of stable atoms. Population inversion  is essential for lasers.



The energy released will be in the form of a light wave trapped in the optical resonator. This light will excite other resonator atoms, and as a result, light will be released from other atoms, resulting in induced emission in the laser. The double-ended resonator mirrors return the emitted light to the active medium in the reflective and output coupler sections, respectively. This process is called "amplification". As this process continues, eventually a strong light, the part emerges and exits the chamber hole, which is the laser light.


External energy source or blower

Any energy can be considered as an energy source in the laser and provide the energy needed for excitation. One of the most common energy sources is the flash lamp. A flashlight is an arc lamp that uses an electric current ͺ to produce powerful white light in a short period of time. A flashlight is made of a glass tube containing gas into which electrodes are placed. 

Active environment

The active medium is a collection of atoms, molecules, ions, and in some cases  semiconductor crystals of matter. Any substance including solid, liquid, gas or  plasma can be used as the active medium. The output power of the laser depends on the active environment and by controlling it, the power of the laser can be  controlled. Therefore, not only the material of the environment, but also its direction and speed affect the power of the  laser.

Optical resonator ͺͬ

An optical resonator ͬ or optical cavity است. Is a chamber in which a beam of light is produced from the active medium . In order to intensify the light wave, two mirrors are installed in parallel on both sides of the chamber  Thus, the light wave produced  in this environment acts back and forth between the two mirrors and  intensifies in a way.

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

PhD in Nano-Microelectronics