CMD integrated circuits department (crab base)

Suitable  for commercial or industrial applications  ( CMD integrated circuits (crab base) or  four-way base)

Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)

Note: Some  CMD (crab base) IC chips  support a specific temperature range and have mechanical and electrical specifications suitable for commercial or industrial applications.

CMD (crab base) integrated circuits  have a type of programmable read-only memory  that erases and rewrites data in chunks to enable fast, low-power access and rewrite. CMD (crab base) integrated circuits  have flash memory or non-volatile flash memory in its internal structure  , which means it survives even without an active power source. Although technically a type of read-only memory (ROM),

Flash memory on  CMD (crab base) integrated circuits is different from regular ROM because you can edit it as well as read it. Flash memory is embedded in solid state chips and each chip contains a set of flash memory cells. Instead of using the traditional electromechanical method, flash memory uses electrical circuits to record information. Here is the process. Current flows through the transistor between each cell's source (electrical input) and drain (electrical output). The transistor controls the flow of current by acting as an on/off switch or a gate. A lit transistor allows electrons to flow throughout the cell, which stores a 1 in binary code. An off transistor blocks electrons and stores 0. Volatile memory such as random access memory (RAM) resets all gates to 0 when the power supply is turned off, thus erasing all stored data. But ROM, including flash memory, works by adding a second gate, known as a "floating gate," to each cell. As electrons pass through the transistor in the on state, some stick to the floating gate and remain there to store 1's indefinitely, with or without power on.

Selection of CMD (crab base) integrated circuit chips   requires analysis of logic families. Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) and related technologies such as (SchottkyFAST) use transistors as digital switches. In contrast, emitter coupled logic (ECL) uses transistors to drive current through gates that compute logic functions. Another logic family, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), uses a combination of p-type and n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) to implement logic gates and other digital circuits. 

CMD (crab base) integrated circuitchip  logic families   include Cross Bar Switch Technology (CBT), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Integrated Injection Logic (I  2  L). and silicon on sapphire (SOS). Gun Transceiver Logic (GTL) and Gun Transceiver Plus Logic (GTLP) are also available. Flash memory chips are available in various IC packages and with different numbers of pins and flip-flops.   

  • Researcher  and author: Dr.   (   Afshin Rashid)
  • Specialized doctorate in nano-microelectronics